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14. British Burn the Sloop, Endeavor, at Tucker’s Island < Back April 1776 In April 1776, a British Navy sloop sailed off Little Egg Harbor where it chased, beached and burned a small Continental vessel. This may have been the first maritime battle on the Jersey shore. With a British naval squadron in possession of Sandy Hook, it was perhaps inevitable that an enterprising British officer would request and receive permission to cruise the New Jersey shore in order to disrupt Continental shipping, avenge prior British captures , and acquire needed fresh provisions for hungry sailors deprived of New York’s markets. Though accounts differ on the exact date and other details, it appears that a well-armed tender of the British frigate, Phoenix , a sloop commanded by a Lieutenant Butler , left its mothership April 10, 1776. Its destination was Little Egg Harbor, the busiest port on the New Jersey shore and the only one capable of admitting deep-hulled vessels. At Tucker’s Island, outside of Little Egg Harbor (on the southern end of Monmouth County, which included present-day Ocean County), the tender found an attractive prey. The Pennsylvania Journal printed an account of what happened next: A small boat belonging to a sloop from Dartmouth, bound to Philadelphia in the Continental service, came on shore at Tucker's on Flat Beach, in whom came a Captain, a mate, and three foremast men belonging to said sloop, which was taken the first inst. in the evening by a King's tender, from out of Sandy Hook, who boarded and rifled her of everything valuable on board; after which they set fire to her and burnt her to the water's edge. The same report further detailed the skirmish that occurred when the Continental boat was captured: “The Capt. has one of his thighs broke and a musket ball thro' the other and the mate is badly wounded in the breast.” And the report revealed the intentions of the British, based on intelligence from a Barnegat man who was aboard the British ship: The said tender intended to come into our inlet with the first north-west wind to take off the cattle from the beaches and destroy all the vessels that were in here. The tender is a small sloop, mounted with two six pounders, four four pounders, some swivels and some small arms, with 36 men on board. Another account of the incident revealed that the Continental boat, Endeavor , commanded by Captain Job Tripp , “was chased and came up with” by the British tender. The tender was not content with firing a broadside at Capt. Trip's vessel, after she had hauled down her sails, but went alongside, after using much scurrilous language, ordered another broadside to be fired, by which Capt. Trip received a ball in his thigh, which has broke... The Mate also had a ball went through one thigh, and lodged in the other; an officer afterwards came on board and told Capt. Trip, that Butler, the Captain of the tender, out of his clemency had consented to give him his boat, on condition he would make the best of his way ashore. Captain Tripp initially claimed that he and his crew were too badly wounded to get themselves to shore, though they eventually did so by driving the Endeavor onto the beach. This likely angered the British and may be the reason they burned the ship. This report concluded that, “The Captain and Mate are both dangerously ill, having been thirty-six hours without any suffering to their wounds. The tender's people, after plundering the sloop, scuttled and set her on fire." On April 20, depositions were taken from two of the surviving sailors, Job Tripp and James Cathill . Their accounts add visceral details about the skirmish: We hailed them twice with our trumpet, but received no answer, but another firing, and hove about, and made after us. We still kept our course, and they after us, continually firing, till about ten o' clock at night. At that time they were about a swivel-shot distance from us ... We immediately hove to, and hauled down our foresail, and were busy in hauling down our mainsail, when they fired a broadside at us; which felled both the Captain and Mate. By their account, they fired two volleys of small-arms just as they fired their cannon and swivels; each volley ten guns. Their carriage-guns and swivels were two four-pounders and six swivels on each side. The Captain was wounded in the thigh, which we imagine to be a swivel-ball, which broke the bone, and shattered it very much. The Mate was also wounded in both thighs; the ball went through the fleshy part of the right, and lodged in the left. A follow up report on the incident, also published in the Pennsylvania Journal , revealed an important additional fact. The man from Barnegat who was aboard the British tender was Arthur Green , who reportedly gave the British “an account of all the inlets about there.” The British used him as their pilot during the attack and the report suggested they would do so again. This appears to be the first instance of a shore resident working directly against the Continental cause; it certainly would not be the last. American sailors were undeterred by the defeat and destruction of the Endeavor . On April 22, a six-gun tender of a British frigate was captured off the New Jersey coast by Captain Barry of Pennsylvania; that same month, the Continental government, in combination with the state of New York, assigned two midsized ships, General Schyler and General Mifflin , to cruise the Jersey shore to pick off vulnerable British shipping and to protect American shipping. The early voyages and successes of these vessels are discussed in another article. Related Historic Site : National Museum of the Royal Navy (Portsmouth, UK) Sources : Peter Force, American Archives: Documents of the American Revolution, 1774-6 (digitized: http://dig.lib.niu.edu/amarch/find.doc.html ), v5: p 1003-4; Gardner W. Allen, A Naval History of the American Revolution (1912, 1940, reprinted New York: Russell & Russell, Inc., 1962), p 86; Pennsylvania Journal, April 10, 1777; The North British Intelligencer or Constitutional Miscellany (Edinburgh: William Auld, 1776) v 1, p 347; John Jay Papers, Columbia U., digitized, http://wwwapp.cc.columbia.edu/ldpd/jay/image?key=columbia.jay.01088&p=3&level=2&originx=0&originy=0&fullheight=2768&fullwidth=2133&image.x=129&image.y=20 ; Journals of the Provincial Congress, Provincial Convention, Committee of Safety and Council of Safety of the state of New-York (Albany: Thurlow Weed, printer to the State, 1842) vol. 1, p414; Maryland Journal, May 1, 1776; Pennsylvania Journal, April 17, 1776. Previous Next

Catalog and Research Library Catalog Unable to visit us in person? Let our research staff help. For a small fee, we will conduct “in-house” searches of our record holdings and manuscript collections. A specific search within a small batch of records (e.g. newspaper obituary, church or Bible record, basic research lookup) is a $10 fee, which includes up to five digital or printed records. Broader research questions and genealogy inquiries are $35 per hour (notice will be given upfront for expected research times of more than one hour). These include a thorough search of all relevant sources, collaboration with an experienced genealogist as necessary, photocopies, and postage. Our staff will contact you after you submit your request to give you a quote. PLEASE DO NOT make payment in advance before speaking with a staff member. We may not have the records you are looking for. Refunds will not be issued - any payment submitted without a consultation will be considered a donation. Email us with any inquiries and we'll be happy to help! Use of the physical research library is free of charge, though donations are greatly appreciated. Please help support our mission of bringing Monmouth County history to all!

81. Continental Raid on Staten Island Routs NJ Volunteers < Back August 1777 Previous Next

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The Elizabeth Van Cleaf Institute A Workshop for Social Studies Educators Grades 6-12 The museum professionals at the Monmouth County Historical Association (MCHA) of Freehold, New Jersey have teamed up with local education professionals through the Monmouth-Ocean Educational Services Commission (MOESC) and Monmouth University to teach history through the sharing of specialized skills. Heroes and Villains: From Artifacts to AI During this professional development institute, grades 6-12 educators will learn to curate primary sources & design lessons that develop students’ historical empathy and encourage appropriate use of AI technology. Despite our best efforts, history instruction often focuses on “great man” theories that inappropriately judge historical actors by present-day standards. In Heroes and Villains, participants will engage revolutionary figures from NJ and beyond on their terms -- as human beings. Through historical empathy, we will perceive, emotionally experience, and contextualize historical figures’ lived experiences to better teach our students about the good and the bad of those whose lives still touch ours today. 2024 Virtual Institute This year we are going virtual to accomodate as many people as possible - please inquire using the button below and we will be in touch with details on how to bring this program to your school! INQUIRE Meet The Team Dr. Wendy Morales Assistant Superintendent, Monmouth Ocean Educational Services Commission Wendy Morales has been an educator for twenty-five years, beginning her career as a 6th grade teacher in the Newark Public School District. She earned a BA from George Washington University, her MA from American Public University, and an Ed.D. from Monmouth University. She currently serves as assistant superintendent of Monmouth-Ocean Educational Services Commission. Dr. Morales earned the Teacher of the Year award in her second year of teaching. After a rewarding five years in Newark, Dr. Morales accepted the role of middle school social studies teacher for the Middletown Township Public Schools where she was fortunate enough to serve as a fellow in the American Institute for History Education’s Teaching American History (TAH) Program. In 2014, she earned Teacher of the Year for the second time. As an early adopter of educational technology, Dr. Morales was accepted into the Google Certified Innovator Program and became a Google Certified Trainer soon after. She has worked in districts all over the country on increasing meaningful technology and personalized learning in the classroom. In 2015, Dr. Morales was accepted into the year-long Fulbright Teachers for Global Classrooms Program, an initiative of the U.S. Department of State. Through this program, she developed a passion for global citizenship education and was fortunate enough to work with a partner teacher in the Republic of Georgia. In 2016, Dr. Morales was selected as a TED-Ed Innovative Educator and was named State of New Jersey Exemplary Secondary Educator (2017). Soon after, she was appointed Director of Social Studies and Technology K-12 in the Middletown Township Public Schools. In this role, she supervised over 100 teachers and specialists, co-developed dozens of curricula, and spearheaded important initiatives such as Future Ready Schools New Jersey and the district’s equity and inclusion initiative. Dr. Morales also serves as an adjunct professor in the School of Education at Monmouth University. She regularly presents at regional and national conferences and has had several academic articles published. Dr. Jason Fitzgerald Assistant Professor, Curriculum and Instruction Monmouth University A scholar of civic thinking, Dr. Fitzgerald brings his years of social studies teaching experience to explorations of youth civic engagement. Widely published, he collaborates with schools in New York and New Jersey, training teachers to facilitate action civics and inquiry-based social studies practices in their classrooms. Drawing on his experiences as a middle school social studies teacher in the diverse communities of Montgomery County, Maryland, Dr. Fitzgerald’s research explores the ways in which social studies is taught to marginalized populations. His civics-specific research interests have led him to the psychological studies of civic planning as an ill-structured problem category. With this work, he has helped to develop action civics curriculum for Generation Citizen, a national non-profit educational organization, and for young African Leaders as part of President Obama’s Mandela Washington Fellows program, part of the Young African Leaders Initiative; he has been Co-PI on over $500,000 of grant money from the United States Department of State, managed by IREX. Dr. Fitzgerald has used his research on historical and civic ways of thinking used when planning civic action to inform teacher professional development for teachers in local and national contexts. In his local and national professional development work, he compared these heuristics to the popular models of action civics and public policy analysis in order to provide teachers with nuanced ways of teaching civic practice to youth. He has also used this research to undergird civic leadership instruction for over 100 young African leaders, as part of the federal Mandela Washington Fellows program. This not only supported those leaders’ civic development, but some participants took the civic heuristic model home and used it to structure their own non-governmental organization work. Additionally, Dr. Fitzgerald’s work with pre-service social studies teachers has enabled research-practice partnerships that serve to support civics instruction in middle and high school settings. He brought together undergraduate and high school students to collaborate on civic projects, incorporating this research into his social studies methods classes. This integration enabled students to establish their commitment to the NCSS C3 framework in their professional portfolios and in their teaching. Additionally, Dr. Fitzgerald helped synthesize civics education research to inform Ford Foundation funding directions. He has served on the Board of Directors for Generation Citizen and on the board of the New York State Council for the Social Studies. Dr. Rich Veit Dean and Professor of Anthropology Monmouth University Richard Veit is the Dean of the School Of Humanities And Social Sciences at Monmouth University, as well as a professor of Anthropology. He received his B.A. from Drew University in 1990, his M.A. in Historical Archaeology from the College of William and Mary in 1991 and his Ph.D. in Anthropology from the University of Pennsylvania in 1997. In 2007 he was the recipient of Monmouth University’s distinguished teacher award and in 2012 he received Monmouth University’s Donald Warnecke Award for outstanding university service. At Monmouth he teaches courses on archaeology, historical archaeology, New Jersey history, Native Americans, and historic preservation. He has authored or co-authored numerous articles and reviews and five books including Digging New Jersey’s Past: Historical Archaeology in the Garden State (Rutgers Press 2002), New Jersey Cemeteries and Tombstones History in the Landscape (co-authored by Mark Nonestied, Rutgers Press 2008), New Jersey: A History of the Garden State (co-authored with Maxine Lurie, Rutgers Press 2012), Historical Archaeology of the Delaware Valley (co-edited with David Orr, U. Tennessee Press 2014) and The Archaeology of American Cemeteries and Gravemarkers (co-authored with Sherene Baugher, U. Florida Press, 2014). Dr. Veit’s first book, Digging New Jersey’s Past, received awards from the New Jersey Historic Preservation Office, New Jersey Academic Studies Alliance, and the New Jersey Center for the Book at Rutgers University. Two of his books, Digging New Jersey’s Past and New Jersey: A History of the Garden State are listed on the New Jersey State library’s 101 Great New Jersey books list. He serves on the New Jersey Historical Commission and on the boards of the Council for Northeast Historical Archaeology, Crossroads of the American Revolution, and the Archaeological Society of New Jersey. He is the President of the Middle Atlantic Archaeological Conference. His work research has been featured on NPR, in Archaeology Magazine and at TEDx Navesink in 2014. Dana Howell Director of Education Monmouth County Historical Association Dana Howell is the Digital Education Archivist at the Monmouth County Historical Association. She earned her BA from Rutgers University and is currently earning her MA in American History at Gettysburg College. She previously served as the MCHA Research Archivist for several years, during which time her focus was also education-driven. She created the Digital Diversity Oral History Project with her colleague, Joe Zemla, to proactively document the history of our underrepresented communities, and began the Remembering Covid-19 project, one of the earliest pandemic documentation projects launched in the country. MCHA's new digital education companion to the award-winning exhibit Beneath the Floorboards: Whispers of the Enslaved at Marlpit Hall makes the fascinating exhibit content accessible for students, and she is currently working on a curriculum-based high school resource to spotlight the rich and amazing history of Monmouth County, bringing the best of the MCHA archives to students across the state. Elizabeth Van Cleaf was born into slavery at Marlpit Hall in 1806. The teaching institute honors her memory. Cohort One of the EVC Institute Our Method Here is a look back at the first year of the EVC Institute. The topic was Whispers of the Enslaved: Teaching History Through A Partnership , and provided educators with the tools to feel confident teaching the sensitive topic of slavery. Exhibit Tour The first step was to have the teachers tour the exhibit. In each room of the 18th century home, they encountered a representation of one of the seven enslaved individuals who had once resided at Marlpit Hall. Through primary source documentation, they learned the stories of these people, and what life may have been like for them there. They also gained an understanding of the institution of slavery in the North through the curators' research and unique discoveries in the slave quarters above the kitchen. Guest Lecturers Guest lecturers helped to blend the techinical aspects of the Institute with fascinating career and life experiences. Dr. Rich Veit introduced the fellows to the wonders of an archaeological dig, and to the significance of some of the artifacts retrieved from the grounds of Marlpit Hall. Dr. Hettie Williams gave the fellows insight into the study of history, particularly as it pertained to African Americans in New Jersey, and the ways the information is interpreted and taught at the university level. Dr. Graham Russell Hodges, renknowned author of the book Slavery and Freedom in the Rural North, discussed his process for researching the little known topic of slavery in the North twenty years ago, and the significance the information still retains today. Professor Gilda Rogers gave a fun and informative presentation on the African origins of what has come to be known as soul food today, and the importance of understanding and remembering the legacy of the enslaved in the cuisine many of us eat every day. Graham Russell Hodges , attending by Zoom Professor Gilda Rogers Dr. Hettie Williams Dr. Rich Veit Curriculum Experts Dr. Morales and Dr. Fitzgerald gave the fellows a refresher on the 2020 NJ Curriculum Standards, and the reasons why these standards are in place. They explained the benefits of using the Inquiry Design Model (IDM) to focus on the core of the instructional design process, and demonstrated how to create an effective IDM. Dr. Morales and Dr. Fitzgerald walked the learners through the "hows" and "whys" of each step, instilling confidence along the way and thereby making the process much less daunting. Museum Professionals Exhibit curators Joe Zemla and Bernadette Rogoff brought a behind-the-scenes museum perspective to the fellows starting with a personal curator-led tour of the exhibit followed by a presentation on Zemla's discovery of artifacts beneath the floorboards of the slave quarters at Marlpit Hall. A discussion of the primary source-based research for the exhibit followed, in which fellows were given a glimpse into the process of how the curators built the biographies of these long-forgotten individuals using information found in the MCHA archives and beyond. In the course of the presentation, fellows learned to analyze and interpret the primary source documents used in the exhibit, followed by a hands-on activity led by Dana Howell to put those skills into practice using local runaway and sale ads from 18th and 19th-century newspapers. Resources Digital Exhibit Resources These free, standards-based digital resources make the exhibit accessible for those schools which are unable to visit due to financial or transportation constraints. They are also excellent classroom tools for those teachers who have visited the exhibit with their students and would like to continue to work with the content in the classroom. The resources scale the exhibit content to the appropriate level and offer cross-curricular standards-based questions and activities to engage the students in a variety of skills based within the framework of primary source analysis, including inference, arts interpretation, music, and creative writing. Differentiated learning strategies can easily be employed using the various visual components included in the material. The interface was designed specifically with classroom usage in mind, and is therefore only viewable on a laptop or PC. The mobile view is not conducive to the design and has therefore been disabled. Click the image Instructional Materials These instructional materials were presented to the fellows over the course of the Institute. Click the image Recommended Resources These resources were recommended to the fellows by the presenters to enhance their continued education. Click the image

Remembering COVID-19 / Adults I am 13 or older and give permission to excerpt answers and use images for MCHA's social media posts under my first name, last initial, and town. * Yes No As of April 3rd, the CDC ranks NJ #2 in the country for positive novel coronavirus cases. Even with social distancing, the numbers are increasing. We have been told by the White House to brace for a “rough two weeks ahead”. What are your thoughts about this, and the projections we are receiving from government officials? Statistics change as we learn more about the virus. The CDC currently estimates that 25% of carriers have no symptoms, and scientists cannot agree on the airborne distance of the virus. Will this change your behavior as you venture outdoors, or out to stores for necessities such as food? What have you been able to do to protect yourself up until this point? We have been practicing social distancing since mid-March, and the White House recently issued an updated federal social distancing date of April 30th. In what ways have you been personally affected during this time (for example, as a student, an employee, a professional, a business owner, or at home)? Has anything surprised you regarding societal attitudes or behaviors that you have witnessed, either positive or negative? Do you have a prediction for how this will play out in the next three months? Long term? Has anything unexpected come from the quarantine experience for you or your family? Challenges? Silver linings? Any words of wisdom that might help people through a difficult time such as this? We are looking for images of original artwork, as well as photos and videos that depict the effects this event is having on your community - especially the creative ways in which your family is adapting at home to the new social distancing guidelines! Upload File Upload supported file (Max 15MB) Submit Thanks for submitting!

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33. The First Inventories of Loyalist Estate < Back August 1776 Previous Next

39. The Continental Navy on the Monmouth Shore < Back November 1776 Previous Next

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